Who is…
Belshazzar in the Bible
also known as: Bel Shazzar, Marduk-sar-uzar
Meaning: Bel protect the king!
This is the name of the last of the kings of Babylon (Dan. 5:1).
He is the son of Nabonidus by Nitocris, who was the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar and the widow of Nergal-sharezer.
When still young he made a great feast to a thousand of his lords, and when heated with wine sent for the sacred vessels his “father” (Dan. 5:2), or grandfather, Nebuchadnezzar had carried away from the temple in Jerusalem, and he and his princes drank out of them.
In the midst of their mad revelry, a hand was seen by the king tracing on the wall the announcement of God’s judgment, which that night fell upon him.
At the insistence of the queen (i.e., his mother), Daniel was brought in, and he interpreted the writing. That night, the kingdom of the Chaldeans came to an end, and the king was slain (Dan. 5:30). (See NERGAL-SHAREZER.)
The apparent absence of the name of Belshazzar on ancient monuments was long regarded as an argument against the genuineness of the Book of Daniel. However, in 1854, Sir Henry Rawlinson found an inscription of Nabonidus which referred to his eldest son.
Later, the side of a ravine undermined by heavy rains fell at Hillah, a suburb of the city of Babylon. A number of huge, coarse earthenware vases were laid bare. These were filled with tablets, the receipts and contracts of a firm of Babylonian bankers, which showed that Belshazzar had a household, with secretaries and stewards.
One was dated in the third year of the king Marduk-sar-uzur. As Marduk-sar-uzar was another name for Baal, this Marduk-sar-uzur was found to be the Belshazzar of Scripture.
In one of these contract tablets, dated in the July after the defeat of the army of Nabonidus, we find him paying tithes for his sister to the temple of the sun-god at Sippara.
The Nabonidus Chronicle, an ancient Babylonian cuneiform text chronicles the reign of Belshazzar’s father and also documents the period during which Belshazzar was king of Babylon.
Belshazzar probably died on October 12, 539 BC when the Persian King Cyrus the Great took the capital of the Kingdom of Babylon.
Relatives
- Father: Nabonidus
- Mother: Nitocris ? (The Greek historian Herodotus called her the “last great queen” of the Babylonian Empire.)
- Grandfather: Nebuchadnezzar
More information
- Archaeological evidence that Belshazzar really existed
- What is the KINGDOM OF BABYLON?
- What is the city of BABYLON / BABEL?
- Who is NEBUCHADNEZZAR?
- Who is DANIEL?
- What is the BOOK OF DANIEL?
- Nergal-Sharezer
- About IDOLATRY and false gods in the Bible
- About IDOLS in the Bible
- What is SEPHARVAIM (Sippara)?
- TABLETS in the Bible
- CUNEIFORM writing in biblical times
- What is CHALDEA?
- KINGS of the Bible
- Learn about Bible archaeology